Ship lighting is a necessary condition for ship navigation, operations, and the lives of ship management staff.It usually includes ensuring navigation safety and personnel safety lighting (such as navigation lights, signal lights, lifeboat area lighting), ship workplace lighting (such as driving platform, cabin and deck loading and unloading lighting), and living area lighting.Unlike land lighting systems, ship lighting systems can be divided into main lighting, emergency lighting, temporary emergency lighting, and navigation lights and signal lights according to different power supply methods.

1.Main lighting system (normal lighting system)

The main lighting system of the ship, also known as the normal lighting system, is distributed in various living and working places inside and outside the ship, providing sufficient illumination for each cabin and work place.Normal lighting is the main lighting of the whole ship. It is powered by the main generator of the ship. Through the lighting bus on the main distribution board, it directly supplies power to each lighting distribution box, and then the lighting distribution box supplies power to the lighting fixtures in the adjacent cabin or area.Among them, normal lighting includes: 1.The main lighting of the cabin, such as most of the ceiling lights; 2.Partial or auxiliary lighting, such as bed lamps, wall lamps, wash lamps, etc.; 3.Strong light lighting for loading and unloading; 4.Lighting for more than half of the indoor and outdoor walkways; 5.Each cabin must be equipped with sockets, etc.

2.Emergency lighting system (large emergency lighting)

Emergency lighting is put into use when the main power grid fails and cannot work.Emergency lighting is powered by the emergency power distribution board through the emergency lighting distribution box. The voltage can be the same as normal lighting, and low-voltage electricity can also be used.The ship's emergency lighting system is mainly distributed in important places in the cabin, crew and passenger compartments, decks and personnel passages.This lighting requirement is maintained for at least 3h in the event of failure of all other power supplies and under various tilt conditions; there should be obvious signs on the emergency lighting, or the structure selection is different from the general lighting.

3.Temporary emergency lighting (small emergency lighting)

In the event of a failure of the main lighting and emergency lighting system, the temporary emergency lighting system should be able to function.It has few lights, no illumination requirements, and the lamps are marked with red paint.It is mainly distributed in the driving platform, important passages of the ship, escalator entrances and important places in the cabin.The small emergency lighting is powered by a battery pack, and there is an electrical chain between the main and emergency lighting systems; the temporary emergency lighting system shall not use fluorescent lamps as the light source, let alone set up on-site switches.It should be able to continuously supply power for more than 30 minutes.

4.Navigation light and signal light system

1. Navigation light: It is an independent part of the ship's lighting system and an important light signal to ensure the safe navigation of the ship at night.In any case, it must be kept bright to indicate the location, status, type, presence or absence of tugs, etc. of the ship, so as to prevent misunderstandings between surrounding or passing ships and cause general damage accidents.The navigation light consists of the fore mast light, the main mast light, the tail light, the left and right side lights and the front and rear anchor lights, which are used for the ship's night navigation and to indicate the status and corresponding position of the ship.The driving platform is equipped with a dedicated navigation light control box or control board, which is powered by the main power distribution board and the emergency power distribution board.Navigation light bulbs are generally 60W double-wire incandescent lamps.Each lamp is a double set, one of which is used as a backup and can be switched on the control box.